Judiciary

Judiciary

The Indian Judiciary comprises courts that focus on interpreting the law and applying it. The main role of these courts is to give a ruling on cases. They do this by first determining the key facts and the applicable law for a case, and then applying the key facts to the applicable law.  The Constitution empowers the Judiciary to act as the guardian of the law. It is considered to be the watchdog of democracy.

The Indian judicial system inherited the British colonial legacy in the form of their common law system. The Supreme Court of India, the High Courts in various states, and Subordinate Courts at district, municipal, and village levels together form the Indian Judiciary.

Each court is headed by designated individuals. The Chief Justice of India is the highest authority for the Supreme Court of India, also referred to as the Apex Court of the country. In comparison, Chief Justice of States individuals are responsible for controlling and running High Courts in different states. The District & Sessions Judges are in charge of managing the District Courts, also referred to as Subordinate Courts.

At the level of the Union government, issues related to the proper functioning of the Judiciary are raised in front of the Parliament by the Ministry of Law & Justice. The ministry has full jurisdiction to handles the issues linked to any of the courts in India. It is also responsible for the appointment of Judges for both, the High Courts as well as the Supreme Court of India.